1. Executive Summary 2. Water And Sewage Market Characteristics
3. Water And Sewage Product/Service Analysis -Product/Service Examples
3.1. Water And Sewage Supply Chain Analysis
3.1.1. Water And Sewage Resources
3.1.2. Water And Sewage Manufacturers
3.1.3. Water And Sewage Distributors and Retailers
3.1.4. Water And Sewage End Users
3.2. Water And Sewage Customer Information
4. Water And Sewage Market Trends And Strategies
5. Water And Sewage Market - Macro Economic Scenario
5.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
5.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
5.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market
6. Global Water And Sewage Market Size and Growth
6.1. Global Water And Sewage Market Drivers and Restraints
6.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
6.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
6.2. Global Water And Sewage Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
6.3. Global Water And Sewage Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)
7. Water And Sewage Market Segmentation
7.1. Global Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Water Supply & Irrigation Systems
Sewage Treatment Facilities
Steam & Air-Conditioning Supply
7.2. Global Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Public Operator
Private Operator
7.3. Global Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
8. Water And Sewage Market Regional And Country Analysis
8.1. Global Water And Sewage Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.2. Global Water And Sewage Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
9. Asia-Pacific Water And Sewage Market
9.1. Asia-Pacific Water And Sewage Market Overview
Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
9.2. Asia-Pacific Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
9.3. Asia-Pacific Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
9.4. Asia-Pacific Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10. China Water And Sewage Market
10.1. China Water And Sewage Market Overview
10.2. China Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
10.3. China Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
10.4. China Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
11. India Water And Sewage Market
11.1. India Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.2. India Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.3. India Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12. Japan Water And Sewage Market
12.1. Japan Water And Sewage Market Overview
12.2. Japan Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.3. Japan Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.4. Japan Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13. Australia Water And Sewage Market
13.1. Australia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.2. Australia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.3. Australia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14. Indonesia Water And Sewage Market
14.1. Indonesia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.2. Indonesia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.3. Indonesia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15. South Korea Water And Sewage Market
15.1. South Korea Water And Sewage Market Overview
15.2. South Korea Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.3. South Korea Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.4. South Korea Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16. Bangladesh Water And Sewage Market
16.1. Bangladesh, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
16.2. Bangladesh, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17. Thailand Water And Sewage Market
17.1. Thailand, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
17.2. Thailand, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18. Vietnam Water And Sewage Market
18.1. Vietnam, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
18.2. Vietnam, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19. Malaysia Water And Sewage Market
19.1. Malaysia, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
19.2. Malaysia, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20. Singapore Water And Sewage Market
20.1. Singapore, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
20.2. Singapore, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21. Philippines Water And Sewage Market
21.1. Philippines, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
21.2. Philippines, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22. Hong kong Water And Sewage Market
22.1. Hong Kong, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
22.2. Hong Kong, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23. New Zealand Water And Sewage Market
23.1. New Zealand, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
23.2. New Zealand, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24. Western Europe Water And Sewage Market
24.1. Western Europe Water And Sewage Market Overview
24.2. Western Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.3. Western Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.4. Western Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25. UK Water And Sewage Market
25.1. UK Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.2. UK Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.3. UK Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26. Germany Water And Sewage Market
26.1. Germany Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.2. Germany Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.3. Germany Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27. France Water And Sewage Market
27.1. France Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.2. France Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.3. France Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28. Italy Water And Sewage Market
28.1. Italy Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.2. Italy Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.3. Italy Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29. Spain Water And Sewage Market
29.1. Spain Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.2. Spain Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.3. Spain Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
30. Austria Water And Sewage Market
30.1. Austria, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
30.2. Austria, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
31. Belgium Water And Sewage Market
31.1. Belgium, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
31.2. Belgium, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
32. Denmark Water And Sewage Market
32.1. Denmark, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
32.2. Denmark, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
33. Finland Water And Sewage Market
33.1. Finland, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
33.2. Finland, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
34. Ireland Water And Sewage Market
34.1. Ireland, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
34.2. Ireland, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
35. Netherlands Water And Sewage Market
35.1. Netherlands, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
35.2. Netherlands, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
36. Norway Water And Sewage Market
36.1. Norway, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
36.2. Norway, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
37. Portugal Water And Sewage Market
37.1. Portugal, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
37.2. Portugal, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
38. Sweden Water And Sewage Market
38.1. Sweden, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
38.2. Sweden, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
39. Switzerland Water And Sewage Market
39.1. Switzerland, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
39.2. Switzerland, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
40. Eastern Europe Water And Sewage Market
40.1. Eastern Europe Water And Sewage Market Overview
40.2. Eastern Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
40.3. Eastern Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
40.4. Eastern Europe Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
41. Russia Water And Sewage Market
41.1. Russia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
41.2. Russia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
41.3. Russia Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
42. Czech Republic Water And Sewage Market
42.1. Czech Republic, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
42.2. Czech Republic, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
43. Poland Water And Sewage Market
43.1. Poland, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
43.2. Poland, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
44. Romania Water And Sewage Market
44.1. Romania, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
44.2. Romania, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
45. Ukraine Water And Sewage Market
45.1. Ukraine, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
45.2. Ukraine, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
46. North America Water And Sewage Market
46.1. North America Water And Sewage Market Overview
46.2. North America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
46.3. North America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
46.4. North America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
47. USA Water And Sewage Market
47.1. USA Water And Sewage Market Overview
47.2. USA Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
47.3. USA Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
47.4. USA Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
48. Canada Water And Sewage Market
48.1. Canada Water And Sewage Market Overview
48.2. Canada Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
48.3. Canada Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
48.4. Canada Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
49. Mexico Water And Sewage Market
49.1. Mexico, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
49.2. Mexico, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
50. South America Water And Sewage Market
50.1. South America Water And Sewage Market Overview
50.2. South America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
50.3. South America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
50.4. South America Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
51. Brazil Water And Sewage Market
51.1. Brazil Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
51.2. Brazil Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
51.3. Brazil Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
52. Chile Water And Sewage Market
52.1. Chile, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
52.2. Chile, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
53. Argentina Water And Sewage Market
53.1. Argentina, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
53.2. Argentina, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
54. Colombia Water And Sewage Market
54.1. Colombia, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
54.2. Colombia, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
55. Peru Water And Sewage Market
55.1. Peru, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
55.2. Peru, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
56. Middle East Water And Sewage Market
56.1. Middle East Water And Sewage Market Overview
56.2. Middle East Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
56.3. Middle East Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
56.4. Middle East Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
57. Saudi Arabia Water And Sewage Market
57.1. Saudi Arabia, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
57.2. Saudi Arabia, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
58. Israel Water And Sewage Market
58.1. Israel, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
58.2. Israel, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
59. Iran Water And Sewage Market
59.1. Iran, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
59.2. Iran, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
60. Turkey Water And Sewage Market
60.1. Turkey, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
60.2. Turkey, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
61. United Arab Emirates Water And Sewage Market
61.1. United Arab Emirates, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
61.2. United Arab Emirates, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
62. Africa Water And Sewage Market
62.1. Africa Water And Sewage Market Overview
62.2. Africa Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
62.3. Africa Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By Type of Operator, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
62.4. Africa Water And Sewage Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
63. Egypt Water And Sewage Market
63.1. Egypt, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
63.2. Egypt, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
64. Nigeria Water And Sewage Market
64.1. Nigeria, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
64.2. Nigeria, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
65. South Africa Water And Sewage Market
65.1. South Africa, Water And Sewage Historic Market, 2018 - 2023, $ Billion
65.2. South Africa, Water And Sewage Forecast Market, 2018-2023, 2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
66. Water And Sewage Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles
66.1. Water And Sewage Market Competitive Landscape
66.2. Water And Sewage Market Company Profiles
66.2.1. Veolia Environment SA
66.2.1.1. Overview
66.2.1.2. Products and Services
66.2.1.3. Strategy
66.2.1.4. Financial Performance
66.2.2. Suez Environnement SA
66.2.2.1. Overview
66.2.2.2. Products and Services
66.2.2.3. Strategy
66.2.2.4. Financial Performance
66.2.3. Engie
66.2.3.1. Overview
66.2.3.2. Products and Services
66.2.3.3. Strategy
66.2.3.4. Financial Performance
66.2.4. Huaneng Power International, Inc
66.2.4.1. Overview
66.2.4.2. Products and Services
66.2.4.3. Strategy
66.2.4.4. Financial Performance
66.2.5. Companhia de Saneamento Basico-Sabesp
66.2.5.1. Overview
66.2.5.2. Products and Services
66.2.5.3. Strategy
66.2.5.4. Financial Performance
67. Water And Sewage Market Other Major And Innovative Companies
67.1. American Water Works Company, Inc.
67.2. United Utilities
67.3. Severn Trent Plc
67.4. Anglian Water
67.5. Ecolab Inc
67.6. Kurita Water Industries Ltd
67.7. Pt. Amrita Enviro Energi (Banten, Indonesia)
67.8. Aquatech International LLC (India)
67.9. Toplea Machinery Imp And. Exp Co., Ltd
67.10. Shanghai Kaiquan Pump (Group) Co., LTD
67.11. Water Corporation
67.12. Anbit Drilling Equipment Co., Ltd
67.13. Henan Zhong An Electronic Detection Technology CO., LTD
67.14. Jiangsu Jiuwu Hi-tech Co
67.15. Xi an QingYun Water Treatment Tech. Co., Ltd
68. Global Water And Sewage Market Competitive Benchmarking
69. Global Water And Sewage Market Competitive Dashboard
70. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Water And Sewage Market
71. Water And Sewage Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis
71.1 Water And Sewage Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
71.2 Water And Sewage Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
71.3 Water And Sewage Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
71.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
71.3.2 Competitor Strategies
72. Appendix
72.1. Abbreviations
72.2. Currencies
72.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
72.4. Research Inquiries
72.5. The Business Research Company
72.6. Copyright And Disclaimer