Central Nervous System Drugs Market Definition

The central nervous system (CNS) drugs market consists of sales of central nervous system drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that manufacture central nervous system drugs that are used in the treatment of diseases affecting the brain or spinal cord. The CNS drugs include anesthetics, anticonvulsants, antiemetics, antiparkinsonian agents, CNS stimulants, analgesics, and sedatives. Neurological diseases such as Epilepsy, Parkinson and psychological indications such as depression, and dementia are generally treated through these CNS drugs. Nervous system disorders are defined as disorders that affect the brain as well as the nerves found throughout the human body and the spinal cord. Structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord or other nerves can result in a range of symptoms. Some of the common clinical indications of such disorders include paralysis, muscle weakness, poor coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain and altered levels of consciousness. These also include mental health conditions such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The market for CNS disorder drugs comprises of drugs that work in different ways depending on the type of disease by suppressing or boosting the brain activities.

CAR-T Therapy Market Definition

The chimeric antigen receptor -T therapy market consists of sales of CAR-T therapy products and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that develop chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies to treat blood cancers. CAR-T therapy is type of immunotherapy in which T-cells taken from patient’s blood are modified in a laboratory with the addition of a special protein receptor that grants T-cells the power to recognize as well as kill cancer cells easily, along with infusing the same back into that patient. This special protein receptor, known as the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), attaches to a specific protein on a patient’s cancer cells. The infused cells multiply and prevail in the patient’s body as living drugs. This industry includes establishments that are involved in the research and development to introduce new targeted cell therapies for treating indications related mostly to hematological malignancies. However, some of the pipeline CAR-T therapies are aimed at targeting solid tumors including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, kidney cancer, brain tumor, and other cancer types.

Pharmaceutical Drugs Market Definition

Pharmaceutical drugs are substances used to prevent treat or cure diseases or ailments or to alleviate their symptoms. Pharmaceutical companies produce pharmaceutical drugs made from active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients. The pharmaceutical drug market consists of sales of pharmaceutical drugs by entities (organizations sole traders and partnerships) that produce and sell pharmaceutical drugs or biologics used to treat various diseases. This industry includes establishments that produce drugs such as cardiovascular drugs gastrointestinal drugs genito-urinary drugs hematology drugs and other drugs used to treat cardiovascular diseases rare genetic disorders infections metabolic disorders cancers respiratory diseases and others.

Oncology Drugs Market Definition

Oncology drugs refer to preparations used to treat cancer, which is characterized by uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells. These drugs work by either killing cancer cells or slowing down their growth and spread. Oncology drugs may be used alone or in combination with other treatments, such as surgery or radiation therapy. The oncology drugs market consists of sales of oncology drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce oncology drugs and biologics to treat all types of cancers. This industry includes establishments that produce pharmaceutical drugs and biologics used in chemotherapy, radio therapies for treating gastric cancer, kidney cancer, brain tumor, and other cancer types.

Dry Eye Medication Market Definition

The dry eye medication market consists of sales of dry eye drugs and other related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that manufacture dry eye medication (or drugs) used to treat dry eyes. The dry eye medication market covers drugs that are used in the treatment of diseases related to dry eyes, irritation, pain, and infection. Dry eye is one of the most common eye related medical conditions; for example, an estimated 25 million Americans suffer from at least one symptom of dry eyes. It can be defined as the inability of human eyes to produce or maintain a sufficient quantity and quality of natural tears to lubricate the eyes. This can result in damage to the surface of the eyes, leading to pain, irritation, and inflammation, increase the risk of eye infection, and affect a person’s vision. Common disorders caused by dry eyes include keratoconjunctivitis sicca, evaporative dry eye disease, and aqueous dry eye disease. The market numbers in this briefing cover pharmaceutical (drug) treatments and do not cover biologic treatments for these conditions, which are included in a separate report.

Vaccines Market Definition

The vaccines market consists of sales of vaccines and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce vaccines to prevent various diseases. Vaccines are biological preparations that stimulate the immune system and prepare it to fight future infections caused by pathogens. They trigger the production of antibodies against pathogens or any foreign matter that enters the body. Vaccines can be administered orally, through injections or by aerosol. Vaccine doses are administered to both children (pediatric vaccines) and adults based on the schedule set for each vaccine. For adults, the vaccines are recommended based on age, health condition, prior vaccinations and occupation. The vaccines market is segmented into anti-infective vaccines; anti-cancer vaccines; and other-vaccines. Only goods and services traded between entities or sold to end consumers are included. Vaccines are preventative medicines which are administered to the general population or to those vulnerable in a population as a precautionary measure to combat a disease, they may include single or multiple doses. Vaccines work by mimicking the infectious bacteria or virus that cause a disease. They energize the body’s immune system to build up a defensive mechanism against the infectious virus or bacteria without causing the disease. Vaccines contain weakened versions of bacteria or virus, and some contain only part of the bacteria or virus. Specific vaccines also contain only the genetic material for a specific protein which directs the body to produce similar type of protein.

The gastrointestinal drugs market consists of sales of gastrointestinal drugs by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce gastrointestinal drugs to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis, diverticular disease, perianal infections, anal fissures, hemorrhoids, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome. The key gastrointestinal diseases drug categories include Anti-peptic agents (antacids, antagonists, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Sucralfate, and Misoprostol), antiemetics, adsorbents, anticholinergics, opiates, intestinal flora modifiers, emollient/surfactants, hyperosmotic, saline, and simulant/irritant. The main types of gastrointestinal drugs are antacids, antiulcerants, vitamin and minerals, antiobesity, antiemetics and antinauseants and antidiarrhoeals. Antacids are medications that counteract (neutralise) stomach acid to relieve indigestion and heartburn. The drugs are administered through oral, parenteral, and others that are classified into branded and generic drugs. The various mode of purchase includes prescription-based drugs and over-the-counter drugs which are distributed by hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies/ drug stores and others. The global gastrointestinal drugs market size is expected to grow from $71.85 billion in 2021 to $75.63 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.3%. The change in the gastrointestinal drugs market growth trend is mainly due to the companies stabilizing their output after catering to the demand that grew exponentially during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The gastrointestinal drugs market is expected to reach $105.51 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 8.7%. The aging population profile of most countries will contribute to the growth of the gastrointestinal drugs market. The increase in patient pool due to rising geriatric population globally, will contribute significantly to the growth of the market during the forecast period. According to the WHO, by 2030, one in every six people on the planet will be 60 or older. The proportion of the population aged 60 and up will rise from 1 billion in 2020 to 2.2 billion by 2050. This rise in the geriatric population increased the demand for medical care and drove the healthcare expenditure. This will led to increased demand for pharmaceuticals products, significantly impacting market growth during this period. During the forecast period, the growth of the gastrointestinal drugs market will be restrained by patent expiration of branded gastrointestinal drugs. In general, pharmaceutical companies invest a large sum of money in the drug development process and patents. During the patency period, the company holding the patent holds exclusivity for the manufacturing and distribution of drugs. Post expiration of patency, generic versions of the drugs are manufactured by other companies with prices much lower than the original branded drugs. Overall, this will negatively impact the growth of the market in terms of value. Major companies in the gastrointestinal drug industry are investing in making oral capsules of macromolecular drugs for gastrointestinal diseases for making the drug more effective. Macromolecular drugs, such as peptides, proteins, and antibodies, form a new class of drugs which can treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease. These macromolecular drugs are usually injected and only a fraction of the administered dose reaches the disease sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, major companies such as Eli Lilly have been increasingly investing in making oral capsules for macromolecular drugs. The company invested $5 million to enter into a collaboration with Entrega to study the oral delivery of complex molecules, such as peptides to combat gastrointestinal diseases. Major companies in the gastrointestinal drugs market include Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Abbott Laboratories, Otsuka Holdings Co ltd, Johnson & Johnson, Reckitt Benckiser Group plc, Bausch Health Companies Inc., Sanofi S.A, Procter & Gamble and Daiichi Sankyo Company. North America was the largest region in the gastrointestinal drugs market in 2021. The Middle East is expected to be the fastest growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the gastrointestinal drugs market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the gastrointestinal drugs market report are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela and Vietnam. The global gastrointestinal drugs market is segmented - 1) By Type: Antacids, Antiulcerants, Vitamin and Minerals, Antiobesity, Antiemetics and Antinauseants, Antidiarrhoeals 2) By Distribution Channel: Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies/ Drug Stores, Others 3) By Route of Administration: Oral, Parenteral, Others 4) By Drug Classification: Branded Drugs, Generic Drugs 5) By Mode of Purchase: Prescription-Based Drugs, Over-The-Counter Drugs

The hematology drugs market consists of sales of hematology drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce hematology drugs to treat diseases such as genetic disorders, anemia, and other related diseases. This industry includes establishments that produce blood products such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma. It also consists of establishments which produce of anemia and other blood disorder drugs to treat anemia, hemophilia and blood clots. The main types of hermatology drugs are blood products, anemia and other blood disorder drugs. Any therapeutic substance derived from human blood is referred to as a blood product, which includes whole blood and other blood components for transfusion as well as plasma-derived medicinal products. The drugs are administered through oral, parenteral, and others that are classified into branded and generic drugs. The various mode of purchase includes prescription-based drugs and over-the-counter drugs which are distributed by hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies/ drug stores, and others. The global hematology drugs market size is expected to grow from $33.06 billion in 2021 to $36.13 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.3%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The hematology drugs market is expected to reach $73.67 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 19.5%. The hematology drugs market growth is aided by stable economic growth forecasted in many developed and developing countries. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) stated that the global GDP growth rate was 3.3% in 2020 and 3.4% in 2021. Recovering commodity prices, after a significant decline in the historic period is further expected to aid the market growth. Developed economies are also expected to register stable growth during the forecast period. Additionally, emerging markets are expected to continue to grow slightly faster than the developed markets in the forecast period. This is expected to increase spending on healthcare services, thereby driving the demand for hematology drugs. Regulatory agencies and federal governments adopted stringent regulations and took a tough stance on drug pricing by pharmaceutical companies during the historic period. Pharmaceutical companies faced criticism from politicians, patients and physicians over high pricing of some medicines and drugs. Moreover, companies had to sell drugs and medicines at subsidized rates to government hospitals, doctors and clinics, further effecting companies’ revenues. This led to drug manufacturing companies operating on a reduced profit margin, which negatively impacted the attractiveness of the hematology drugs industry in the historic period. Tranexamic acid is increasingly being used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (blood loss of over 500 ml or 1,000 ml within 24 hours of childbirth) due to its low price and wide availability. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that helps in reducing bleeding in surgical and trauma patients, including women with postpartum hemorrhage. According to the World Maternal Antifibrinolytic (WOMAN) trial, using tranexamic acid within three hours of childbirth lowered death from bleeding by 31% and reduced the need for laparotomy (emergency bleeding control surgery) by 36%. The trial included over 20,000 women from 193 hospitals in 21 countries. Major companies in the hematology market include Amgen, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CSL, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi S.A, Daiichi Sankyo Company and Pfizer Inc. North America was the largest region in the hematology drugs market in 2021. The Middle East is expected to be the fastest growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the hematology drugs market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the hematology drugs market report are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela and Vietnam. The global hematology drugs market is segmented - 1) By Type: Blood Products, Anemia and Other Blood Disorder Drugs 2) By Distribution Channel: Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies/ Drug Stores, Others 3) By Route of Administration: Oral, Parenteral, Others 4) By Drug Classification: Branded Drugs, Generic Drugs 5) By Mode of Purchase: Prescription-Based Drugs, Over-The-Counter Drugs